Emergency contraception prevents pregnancy after unprotected sex, sexual assault, or contraceptive failure. It includes:

• Morning-After Pill: An oral contraceptive containing hormones, most effective when taken within 72 hours of unprotected sex.

• Copper IUD: Inserted by a healthcare provider within 5 days of unprotected sex.

Types of Emergency Contraception

Some forms of emergency contraception are available only with a prescription, whereas others can be purchased over the counter at a pharmacy.

Over-the-Counter Oral Contraception

• Available Without Prescription: Pills containing high levels of progestin, effective in delaying ovulation. Proof of age (17+) may be required.

• Brands: Plan B One Step®, Next Choice One Dose®, My Way®.

• Timing: Most effective within 72 hours of unprotected sex.

Alternative: Higher doses of regular birth control pills may be used under physician guidance.

In some instances in which emergency birth control is needed, women may take a higher dose of the birth control pills they are currently using, although this should only be done under the direction of a physician.

Prescription Contraception

Ulipristal Acetate: Sold as Ella®, this emergency contraception pill delays ovulation and may prevent implantation. A prescription is required, and it is effective within 5 days of unprotected sex.

Copper IUD: A prescription contraceptive placed in the uterus by a physician. It can be used as emergency contraception if inserted within 5 days of unprotected sex. The IUD prevents sperm from reaching an egg or stops a fertilized egg from attaching to the uterus. It can be removed after the next menstrual cycle or left in place for ongoing birth control.

Risks of Emergency Contraception

Emergency contraception should not be used if pregnancy is suspected. Side effects of oral emergency contraception may include:

• Nausea

• Vomiting

• Dizziness

• Headaches

• Breast tenderness

• Abdominal pain

• Fatigue

Side effects from an IUD are rare but can include pelvic inflammation or injury to the uterus.

Emergency contraception is not intended for regular use and should not replace standard birth control methods.