Birth control methods are used to prevent pregnancy, and a woman’s choice depends on her age, health, and lifestyle. Oral contraception, commonly known as birth control pills, is one such method.

During a woman’s menstrual cycle, the ovaries release an egg that travels through the fallopian tubes to the uterus. If sperm fertilizes the egg, it implants in the uterus and begins to develop. Hormonal birth control methods, including birth control pills, use estrogen, progestin, or a combination of both hormones. These hormones work by preventing ovulation (the release of an egg) and thickening cervical mucus to make it harder for sperm to reach the egg.

Prescriptions for Oral Contraception

Birth control pills are prescribed by a physician following a physical examination. The doctor selects the most suitable hormonal method based on individual needs. Most oral contraceptives require daily intake or adherence to a specific schedule set by the physician. For maximum effectiveness, it is crucial to take the pill consistently as directed.

Benefits of Oral Contraception

Oral contraception primarily prevents pregnancy but can also address other medical conditions, including:

• Abnormal uterine bleeding

• Acne

• Endometriosis

• Dysmenorrhea (painful periods)

• Hirsutism

• Polycystic ovary syndrome

Certain oral contraceptives can also be used as emergency contraception. These pills, which contain high doses of hormones, should be taken within 72 hours of unprotected sex to help prevent pregnancy.

Risks of Oral Contraception

While oral contraceptives are generally safe, they come with potential risks, including:

• Irregular bleeding

• Heart attack

• Blood clots

• Headaches

• Weight gain

• Stroke

• High blood pressure

Hormonal birth control does not protect against HIV or sexually transmitted diseases. Women over 35 or who smoke face a higher risk of heart attack or stroke with hormonal methods. Pregnant women should avoid oral contraceptives.

No contraception method is 100% effective. It's important to consult with a doctor to discuss the various options and address any questions about contraception and family planning.