The vaginal ring is a hormonal birth control method consisting of a flexible, plastic ring placed in the upper vagina. It releases estrogen and progestin, which are absorbed through vaginal tissue. These hormones prevent ovulation (the release of an egg) and thicken cervical mucus to hinder sperm from reaching the egg.

Available by prescription only, the vaginal ring does not require a personalized fitting and can be removed at any time.

Prescription and Use of the Vaginal Ring

A vaginal ring is prescribed by a physician following a physical examination. The physician will determine the appropriate hormone levels and when to start using the ring.

The woman inserts the ring into her vagina, where it remains for 21 days. After removing the ring, she will have a 7-day break to allow for menstruation. A new ring is then inserted for another 3 weeks of pregnancy protection.

Benefits of the Vaginal Ring

In addition to preventing pregnancy, the vaginal ring offers the benefits associated with hormonal birth control methods, including:

• Lighter and shorter periods

• Reduced menstrual cramps

• Decreased acne

• Lower risk of uterine and ovarian cancers

The vaginal ring can also be used to manage abnormal or painful uterine bleeding and endometriosis.

Risks of the Vaginal Ring

Although the vaginal ring is a convenient and generally safe form of birth control, it can have some side effects and risks, including:

• Vaginal irritation

• Vaginal discharge

• Breast tenderness

• Breakthrough bleeding

• Headache

• Nausea

• Heart attack

• Blood clot

• Stroke

The vaginal ring does not protect against HIV or sexually transmitted diseases. Women over 35 or those who smoke face a higher risk of heart attack or stroke with hormonal birth control methods.

No contraceptive method is 100% effective. Women should consult their doctors to explore different contraceptive options and address any questions about contraception and family planning.